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Soteriology Theology

Historical Evidence for the Death and Resurrection of Jesus Christ

The Bible makes it clear that Christ died on cross (Matt 27:32-61; Mark 15:33-47; Luke 23:44-56; John 19:28-42) and three days later Jesus came back to life and left the tomb in which he was buried (Matt 28:1-7; Mark 16:1-8; Luke 24:1-12; John 20:1-10; Acts 1:4-8; 9:1-9; 1 Cor 15:6-8). 

Historical Evidence for the Death and Resurrection of Jesus Christ
Carl Heinrich Bloch, “The Resserection” (sic) from the Chapel at Frederiksborg Palace in Copenhagen

I love the Bible and trust it as a reliable and credible witness to events that occurred in the first century. Yet, the Bible is not the only witness to the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ. There are five different categories of sources that contain at least thirteen different independent references to the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ.

ANCIENT HISTORIANS

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Soteriology Theology

Soteriology: What Christ Did on the Cross

While attending Dallas Theological Seminary one of the richest classes that I took was the class on salvation, also known as “Soteriology.” For an entire semester we talked about elements of salvation, biblical views on what it means to be saved, historical interpretations of salvation, as well as people that have tried to make salvation something other than what the Bible describes it as.

Soteriology - What Christ Did on the Cross

Photo Credit: “Christ Dies on the Cross” by Giovanni Domenico Tiepolo (1727-1804)

In this post I want to talk about salvation. More specifically, five things Christ did on the cross.[ref]These five things are adapted and simplified from a teaching given by J. Scott Horrell at Dallas Theological Seminary.[/ref]

I. SUBSTITUTIONChrist died in our place and took the sinners’ just punishment.

A. Substitution in the Old Testament

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Theology Trinitarianism

Trinitarianism: Jesus Christ Son of God

When I was twenty years old I read in a couple of books and heard it taught at a couple of conferences that Jesus Christ was the greatest leader to have ever lived. I thought to myself that if he was the greatest leader that ever lived and if I want to be a great leader, then I should study him and see what I could learn.

I began to read the Gospels to learn about who Jesus was and what he did. On my journey I had a New Living Translation Student Bible that my mom had given me several years earlier. I had not read it much. Honestly, I don’t know if I had ever opened it. But, when I was ready to read the Bible it was available so I opened it and began to read the Gospels about the greatest leader who ever lived.

Trinitarianism - Jesus Christ Son of God

Photo Credit: Photo Credit: “Holy Trinity” by Hendrick van Balen

My eyes were opened as I read story after story of this man who walked the earth doing miracles, teaching, and mentoring his disciples. I began to realize is that Jesus was not just a great leader, he was the Son of God.

Today’s post looks at how Jesus Christ was fully God and fully human. Whole books have been written about Jesus Christ, therefore this blog post barely scratches the surface. I hope it can serve as a spring-board for future study of God’s Son, Jesus Christ.

TRINITARIANISM
Jesus Christ Son of God

I. THE DEITY OF JESUS CHRIST[ref]This outline on Jesus Christ Son of God is adapted from some notes I received from J. Scott Horrell while I was a student at Dallas Theological Seminary[/ref]

Most conversations about Jesus affirm that he was a real human being that lived on earth. However, the one doubt a lot of people in the world have is if he was God. The fact that Jesus was God was clearly explained in Jesus’s own words, by the Gospel writers, and by the authors of the New Testament letters.

A. Explicit Testimonies

1. Jesus’s Own Words

During one of Jesus’s teachings in the Gospel of John he was telling the people about how Abraham looked forward to Jesus coming as Savior of the world (John 8:56). The people responded to Jesus that he was a young man and asked Jesus how he could have seen Abraham (John 8:57). Jesus answered them:

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Theology Trinitarianism

An Outline of Scripture on the Trinity

Whether it is orthodox, protestant, evangelical, or catholic Christianity, all agree on the doctrine that God exists as three persons–Father–Son–Holy Spirit together as one God.

Below is a brief outline of the primary Scriptures that described the doctrine of the Trinity. 

I. INTRODUCTION

Definition of the Trinity
I believe that the one God exists as three distinct persons—Father, Son, and Holy Spirit—each is equal in nature, equal in glory, but distinct in relationship (definition based on J. Scott Horrell and his forthcoming book on the Trinity).

II. GOD IS ONE

A. Old Testament

When reading the first five books of the Old Testament it is good to remember who wrote the books, whom they were written to, and what was the historical context of “God” at that time. Numerous hints and evidences are provided in the Bible that suggest Moses was the person who wrote the first five books of the Bible. And those first five books were written between 1446 and 1406 after the “Exodus” of the Israelites from Egypt. In this time, there were numerous gods throughout the ancient near east. Gods of fertility, water gods, grain gods, and many many others. Moses, as God’s chosen leader taking the people out of Egypt recorded the first five books of the Old Testament as a way to communicate to the Israelites who they were and who their God was.

1. Gen 1:1

Simply, one God created the world with ease and freedom. 

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Uncategorized

Righteousness Is Through Jesus Christ (Philippians 3:7-11)

Today’s post examine’s Paul’s letter to the Philippians about how righteousness is through Jesus Christ. Here are some of my past studies in the book of Philippians in case you missed them:

Righteousness is Through Jesus Christ (Philippians 3:7-11)

Photo Credit: Dennis Jarvis

I. INTRODUCTION

A. Summary of Past Studies

Last week we studied Phil 3:1-6 in which Paul told the Philippians to watch out for the dogs, those mutilators, who teach that you have to be circumcised in order to be saved. Then, we looked at out how circumcision was something done inside of us—a change of heart—not just an outward appearance. Then, to emphasize the work that Christ had done, Paul shared his heritage and work saying that all of that was pointless because of Christ. Today we will examine what it is about Christ and how we are found righteous in him.

B. Text of Phil 3:7-11

7But, whatever I considered a gain for myself I have now considered a loss because of Christ. 8Indeed, more than that I consider it all a loss on account of the surpassingly great knowledge of Christ Jesus my Lord. I gave up everything because of Christ, and consider everything as garbage, in order that I might gain Christ 9and be found in him not by having my own righteousness from the Law, but my righteousness by the faithfulness of Christ, righteousness from God based on faith, 10in order to know him, mostly the power of his resurrection and participation in his suffering, by means of sharing in his death 11if possible, I might reach resurrection from the dead.

C. Introduction and Joke

A young girl was in her elementary school class when her teacher began teaching about mammals and wales. The teacher said that because mammals have small throats they cannot swallow large animals. The little girl raised her hand and said, “But the Bible says that Jonah–a man–was swallowed by a whale.” The teacher responded, “Well, a man is a large animal, so it is unlikely that a whale could have swallowed Jonah.” The little girl persisted, “Well, the Bible says that Jonah was swallowed by a whale. I believe it. But, how can I be sure?” The teacher smiled and replied, “Well, when you get to heaven you can ask Jonah if it really happened.” The girl, becoming frustrated with the teacher replied, “Okay, when I get to heaven I will ask Jonah. But, if Jonah is not in heaven, then I will let you ask him!”

II. RIGHTEOUSNESS BASED ON FAITH (3:7-9)

7But, whatever I considered a gain for myself I have now considered a loss because of Christ. 8Indeed, more than that I consider it all a loss on account of the surpassingly great knowledge of Christ Jesus my Lord. I gave up everything because of Christ, and consider everything as garbage, in order that I might gain Christ 9and be found in him not by having my own righteousness from the Law, but my righteousness by the faithfulness of Christ, righteousness from God based on faith,”

A. Worthless Because of Christ (v. 7)